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共享睡房對於睡眠的影響

撰文:Julia Or

香港地少人多,大部分的家庭都會選擇共用睡房。而且,不少大學的舍堂都是引用以「一人一室友」,甚至多位室友的制度去編排睡房。可是,你知道共享睡房其實會間接影響到我們的睡眠質素嗎?

大部分與他人共享睡房的人,都認為導致他們入睡困難的因素是來自其他人的噪音 (Foulkes et al., 2019)。以大學舍堂為例,學生認為除了來自同層的噪音外,室友於晚上外出後回到睡房而發出的噪音也會擾亂自己的睡眠 (Walsh et al., 2018)。噪音水平為 45 分貝或以上的間歇性噪音,例如普通室內的談話,都會使我們的入睡時間增加幾分鐘至 20 分鐘不等,導致整體睡眠時間減少 (Öhrström, n.d.)。

除了噪音外,共享睡房亦會增加因拒絕上床 (Bedtime resistance)患上睡眠焦慮 (sleep anxiety)的機會,從而影響睡眠素質 (S. Li et al., 2008)。在共享睡房下,較小年紀的小朋友 (1-5歲)尤其容易會有拒絕上床的情況出現 (Meltzer & Mindell, 2004)。如果沒有適當地處理,小朋友會有機會患上兒童睡眠障礙,影響其智力發展以及行為問題 (Steenari et al., 2003)。另外,與小朋友共享睡房的父母亦指出,他們認為自己的睡眠質素和睡眠次數在共享睡房的情況下大大被減低。而原因是因為多種的心理壓力,例如因為擔心小朋友安全而引發出的恐懼和焦慮等 (Williams et al., 2000)。由此可見,共享睡房除了令小朋友增加拒絕上床的機會外,亦會令父母的睡眠質素因為各種的心理壓力而減低。

雖則如此,共享睡房其實亦有屬於自己的好處。父母與六個月大的小朋友共享睡房,是能夠增進彼此的關係。研究指出,在小朋友成長早期 (頭六個月大) 與父母共享房間,並不會引致任何睡眠問題或行為問題。相反,於父母共享房間不但能夠增加兒童睡眠質量,甚至會鼓勵小朋友有更多的親社會行為表現 (Beijers et al., 2019)。

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